Healing Developmental Trauma: How Early Trauma Affects Self-Regulation, Self-Image, and the Capacity for Relationship

Pure gold Stupendously readable, a book hard to put down - successfully merges the worlds of psychotherapy, neuroscience, NLP (my insight) and somatic awareness into a truly innovative 21st century healing science which describes early developmental trauma to a great extent; a subject closely affiliated to Complex-PTSD: “a psychological disorder through prolonged, repeated experience of interpersonal trauma in a context of little or no chance of escape (entrapment) resulting in a pervasive disorganised-type attachment insecurity and distortion of one’s core identity.” C-PTSD is currently not included in the latest Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders and for a number of years experts in the field of childhood trauma have suggested it may not be a useful category for diagnosis and treatment of children. Instead it is proposed Developmental Trauma Disorder (DTD: van der Kolk) becomes a diagnosis for “early life developmentally adverse interpersonal trauma as a result of a significant disruption or betrayal in the relationships with primary caregivers.” The ‘R’ in the NARM method stands for ‘relational’ which points to the fact “that the most important information for the development of the brain is conveyed by the social rather than physical environment.” The dominant symptoms of traumatised children can therefore be best understood, as efforts to minimise objective threat and regulate emotional distress; and “reenactments of oppositional, rebellious, unmotivated or antisocial behaviours in adulthood” can thus be viewed through the prism of ‘trauma-related triggers’ rooted in past behaviours once meant to ensure survival and minimise attachment loss, i.e. fear of abandonment. This is charted in NARM through the concept of the ‘distress cycle’: the caregiver misattunes - child protests - child senses self as bad - misattunement continues - disconnection continues - loss of capacity to self-regulate - pride based counter-identifications develop - leading to morbid nervous system dysregulation of high arousal. NARM ultimately has been designed to help those diagnosed with developmental trauma acquire the skills of coping by mastering new connections between their experiences, emotions and physical sensations to reprogram the damage done in early childhood when a distortion of ‘proception’ - the development of experience in order to anticipate social responses - created a confused internal schemata of the affective and cognitive characteristics of primary relationships. The main tools in NARM’s locker appear to be derived from Gestalt therapy’s in-the-moment framework and the principle “that the mind forms a global whole with self-organising tendencies.” A set of five powerful neuro-affective techniques are offered consisting of containment, grounding, orienting, titration and pendulation. These can be easily recognised as having parallels in other therapeutic approaches that repair the capacity for a healthy differentiation of self and connection to others. However, it is the sub-cellular (quantum array network) bottom-up processing interventions based on the work of Levine (Somatic Experiencing) which is the game changer and creates the conditions for discharging shock states through increasing contact with the body; and successfully integrates the neuroaxonal top-down processing of enquiry into issues of shame-based identification and the uncovering of core needs and capacities. The only other book I have yet read on the same topic is Steven Kessler’s 5 Personality Patterns (see review) which also delves into the bioenergetics of Lowen (1975) - ‘The Revolutionary Therapy That Uses the Language of the Body to Heal Problems of the Mind’. I found Heller’s approach more easily comprehensible in half the word count partly due to its overtly expressed clinical underpinnings in a technical format I happen to prefer, and in its supporting diagrams. In fact it is my truest contention the Neuro Affective Relational Touch Model could be marketed for the best seller list, possibly something akin to the once phenomenal popularity of The Roadless Traveled (1978) - such is the potential of this book “to anyone on a path of self-discovery seeking new tools for self-awareness, growth, and healing.” Finally, it must be the saddest truth of all that unless we have been vastly fortunate not to have suffered some kind of early trauma - “when in a world the vast majority of those responsible for child maltreatment are the children’s own parents” - then the tendency for many of us to grow up and repeat the sins of our perpetrators is a hidden statistic that is waiting to be acted upon, and would account for so much social disruption in literally ‘all’ walks of life.

I have real interest in Neuroscience and despite studying it at university have found many of the books too "Wordy " and difficult to fully comprehend/understand. as a Psychodynamic/Integrative counsellor I have found this book indispensable. The book is easy to follow with good examples and uses language that is easy to understand. Because of this book I have questioned some of my own practices, but equally gained confidence in how I practice. One of the best books I have read and one of the most useful. Although very different how it is written has similarities to the Presenting Past, a book you can dip in and out of to inform your practice.

A fascinating book detailing the NARM process to help heal problems in adulthood that are the result of early trauma, especially birth and prebirth issues. Laurence Heller builds on the shoulders of giants - especially Peter Levine's Somatic Experiencing work - to create processes to help heal people's long held wounds. As someone who has spent the last 20 years trying to find the source of continual ill-health, emotional problems and a capacity to attract drama in my life, this work is, I hope, the last bend in the road. In my own work with clients I see again and again that many presenting with anxiety, issues with relationships, a dissatisfaction with life, or chronic illness had some form of birth trauma. It is likely to take months if not years of therapy to resolve these critical issues (in my case a premature birth, several weeks in an incubator and problems bonding with my mother at birth and later through life), but I feel confident that this research in the field of birth trauma is groundbreaking work that will help many.

This excellent book brings together knowledge of the body and brain, and how the affects of trauma manifest and impact on the individual's holistic development. It identifies 'survival strategies' which the individual makes use of, when trying to sustain contact with their primary carers in 5 clear areas of development (connection, attunement, trust, autonomy, love and sexuality); it then suggests how to support reparation and healing. This is an excellent guide to integrating psychological approaches with somatic / body / felt sense.

I read this book as an adoptive mother of an adult child with developmental trauma. It described him and his struggles 100% and me a lot too! I think this work is hugely important and am impatient for Laurence Heller's NARM treatment to be available in the UK. I watched Dr Heller's video on his website - also useful. What I am aware of and can tackle now, is my own developmental trauma which has been exacerbated by secondary trauma. I also recommend books by Dr Peter Levine.

Finally, a book and a form of therapy ( NARM ) that deals with the really, really deep developmental traumas, that so many of us here in the west suffer from... those traumas that are so deep, subconscious and difficult to get a handel on and making ready for change... to bring positive, LASTING tranformations into clients lives... a highly recommended good book... powerfull ideas... Healing Developmental Trauma: How Early Trauma Affects Self-Regulation, Self-Image, and the Capacity for Relationship

After 10 years of trying to heal myself this book finally put me on the right track. I have nearly finished reading it for the 2nd time. I wish I had read it sooner but I am generally grateful for finding it. If you suffer from conditions such as chronic anxiety, severe depression, cptsd, bpd I believe this book can help you massively if you follow its principles. This has also put me ontonfurther reading such as Levine, Lowen etc. Can't recommend this book enough!

NARM is a great method and this book is worth reading to understand its key concepts. But it contains many repetitions and redundancies regarding some aspects while not expanding on others. I recommend it nevertheless as a foundation for reading the excellent follow up that Laurence Heller wrote together with Brad Kammer.

This books is an amazing book that is not expresses the ideas very crisp but also offers a completely different perspective to look at life. It cuts across other models of how mental health and human interaction works to show that maybe the underlying principle of how everything works is different. The title suggests that the book is about developmental trauma. Yet it's not limited to people dealing with severe trauma. It provides insight in how most of us work and how our childhood affects our adult relationships. The book identifies five different attachment styles: trust attachment, love/sexuality attachment, independence, etc. It suggests that during human development each attachment develops at a different point of growing up. For example at six months old, our connection with a parent is that they are holding us in their arms and looking at us. A couple years later, we may be developing trust with our parents. Can we trust them that our needs will be met. If there are problems with one of the attachment styles, children will usually progress through a healthy range of calling attention to their needs - starting with "hey mommy, I'm hungry" to using healthy aggression. The concept of "health aggression" caught me eyes. The book is full of terms where simply hearing the term was a huge insight in and off itself. In this case, the idea that aggression can be healthy was intriguing. If that doesn't work, the child's sympathetic nervous system gets activated (fight/flight). If that doesn't work, the parasympathetic nervous system gets activated (e.g. shutting down). Simply these ideas of the different nervous systems are a fascinating concept. The sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system can be triggered at the same time (stepping on the gas and break at the same time). That's for example, when we panic and try to suppress the panic. The books proposed remedy is to pay attention to what we are feeling in our bodies because that's how we find out about our needs. In the ideal world that the book paints, we can freely express our needs in our relationships and (as adults) also deal with when people don't necessarily tend to our needs. (E.g., because I'm a hungry adult doesn't mean the other person has to feed me. They could be full and not interested in going to a restaurant with me. Yet, that I am aware of my hunger and can express it appropriately - without fear, panic or not at all -, that's the goal.) Most people I know are functioning adults, yet I often find that what the book describes affects me. Often when I'm with people, I'm very focused on making sure that they feel entertained and comfortable. (That might be a good host's job.) Yet the book's idea is that I should scan my body to realize what's going on with me and express my needs, e.g. "I feel a bit bored, let's check out the other pool." The book shifted my thought of what a good relationship looks like: Both people should feel comfortable to express their needs and the other person responds to that. (And needs don't have to be monumental things like needing help to move, but a need for comfort at the end of a tiring hike, a need for play in a conversation that turned dry, etc.) The book opens up many interesting topics. For example, it suggests that based on unmet childhood needs, people may develop pride. E.g., if they were ignored as a child, they may pride themselves as easy going. The book suggests that for each pride, there is usually an opposite shame. That example person may have shame around being too needy. That concept alone is very interesting. Now when I hear people making prideful statements, I wonder if there is an opposite shame in place as well. (The pride essentially is trying to make us feel good about a place where we are hurting.) I've written many quotes from the book into my notebook. It was a real page turner because each page offered so many intriguing insights to how life works.

There has to be a sixth star for this book! This book presents the context of developmental trauma and its ways of healing in an easily understandable way and with a language that a non-professionell can understand perfectly. This is a book written for really everyone. The clear structure, the graphics and scales add to an understanding on a very deep level. The authors present their profound knowledge and experience and connect all of that to a new method that is more than fitting for our age, because old boundaries and frameworks, that have never been appropriate in the understanding of the complexity of human being over all, fall away. Here a person is supported in becoming whole in a appreciative and loving way. I love this book, and I think, one can feel by reading it with how much love this work and method for healing developmental trauma is originated and presented. A must read!

This book has a very clearly laid out structure and pathway through its subject. It has tables and charts which summarize the types of trauma it addresses, the ages at which these can particularly impact development and the related traits which may develop in the child and adult. The second part of the book gives examples of interactions between therapist and client. I found it extremely useful.

The book claims that CPTSD clients could access their numbed emotions through bodily sensations, and they could develop attachment with the therapist through bodily touches. It is persuasive. It's just that the book is so repetitive. It feels often like "You just said that two sentences ago!! And you said that in the beginning of this chapter and also in the previous chapter and also in the chapter before the previous chapter, and four sentences ago also!!" to the extent that in the end made me feel physically sick. I did not feel the authors' effort in trying to communicate the message in an effective way. The book probably didn't have to be this long if they did. The Affective Touch case study is descriptive and practical, but for the rest, I did not enjoy the reading.

I read this book from the perspective of a survivor of developmental trauma. It has made my journey make sense. I will continue working to heal this trauma. Thank you for a great list of resources as well for continued reading. And I imagine therapists would gain so much insight into understanding their clients' early childhood trauma. Highly recommend.